Ohio Cosmetology License Practice Exam

Which of the following describes a first-degree burn?

1. Red, swollen, and blistered skin

2. Painful, red, and dry skin

3. Deep tissue damage with loss of sensation

4. Bruising without breaking the skin

The correct answer is: Painful, red, and dry skin

A first-degree burn is characterized by painful, red, and dry skin. This type of burn affects only the outer layer of the skin, known as the epidermis. The redness and dryness result from the inflammatory response of the skin as it reacts to damage from heat, chemicals, or sun exposure. This level of burn typically does not produce blisters, and the skin usually heals within a few days without scarring. In contrast, the other options describe different degrees of burns or conditions. The option indicating red, swollen, and blistered skin refers to a second-degree burn, which affects both the epidermis and part of the underlying dermis, leading to blisters and more significant pain. Deep tissue damage with loss of sensation points to a third-degree burn, which destroys multiple layers of skin and can damage underlying tissues, resulting in numbness. Lastly, bruising without breaking the skin describes a contusion, which is unrelated to burns. Understanding these distinctions helps in identifying the type of injury and determining the appropriate treatment.